Dental implantation is a modern method of restoring lost teeth, restoring chewing comfort, normal diction and an attractive smile. Its essence lies in the implantation of an artificial metal root into the jawbone, on which a crown is installed, indistinguishable in shape, appearance and function from natural teeth. But, as in all other cases, the advantages of this method have their downside.
Some people who study the issue before making a decision about which type of prosthetics to give preference suspect that something is being hidden from them, so everywhere they write only about the advantages of implantation, and about the disadvantages - briefly and indistinctly. We will try to honestly and objectively understand the pros and cons of dental implantation with you.
Honestly about the disadvantages of implantation
Despite the significant advantages - restoration of the chewing load on the bone and stopping the atrophy of bone tissue, the feeling of the implant as if it were your own teeth, excellent appearance, durability and reliability, no need to grind down adjacent teeth - implantation also has its own disadvantages, which we will consider in detail.
1. Pain after implantation. Installation of an implant (or implant - everyone pronounces a foreign word differently) is a surgical operation with all the ensuing consequences - including pain for some time after the operation. During the normal course of the process, the pain goes away within a few (3-5) days.
2. Possible complications. One of the most serious complications is material rejection - the body does not perceive a foreign object and tries to get rid of it. Inflammation, pain, swelling, implant mobility, fluid secretion and even increased body temperature. To be fair, let’s say that the probability of such an outcome is very low - it is only 2-3% of the total number of people who have implants installed.
3. Presence of contraindications. Implantation, like most all medical procedures, has contraindications – situations in which it is impossible to install implants. These include: age under 20 years, diabetes mellitus (type 2), hepatitis, AIDS, other immune and cardiovascular diseases, bleeding disorders, bruxism and some others. Some of the contraindications can be circumvented, others cannot.
4. Long installation process. The installation itself can be carried out in literally 1-2 visits to the dentist, but the total period of engraftment of the artificial root can take from 6 months to 1-2 years. But in case of a favorable outcome (and this, we remind you, is 97-98% of all cases), you will have the same tooth as before, which will serve you without any problems for 10-20 years, or even more.
5. Caring for implants is more complicated than regular teeth, although not by much. They need to be cleaned more thoroughly, and you also need to regularly visit a dentist, who should monitor the condition of the implant and take timely measures if any problems suddenly arise.
6. The cost of implantation is very high. Prices for installing one implant start from 18,000 rubles - and this does not include the cost of the crown. In other clinics (especially in the capital), the total cost of a new tooth can exceed 100,000 rubles or more.
Still, the pros outweigh the cons in most cases. Otherwise, implantation would not be used so widely, and this technology, for a moment, is already more than 55 years old. The first operation was successfully performed by the developer of this technology and the founder of Nobel Biocare (which is still a leader in the scientific development and production of implants) Per-Ingvar Brånemark back in 1965.
Since then, millions of operations have been performed all over the world, several more large companies have appeared producing implants, instruments and components, implants of a more advanced form and from the latest, biocompatible materials have been proposed, the technology has been developed to perfection, and research into the consequences of implantation has become the most extensive nature, including many thousands of patients observed over decades. But still, let’s return to the disadvantages of implantation and analyze them more carefully.
How are dental implants removed?
After the doctor, based on X-ray data, decides to remove the dental implant, a planned operation is scheduled. Removal of dental implants occurs in this way:
- Anesthesia is performed.
- The temporary or permanent crown is removed.
- The gum is incised to provide access to the artificial root.
- The implant is removed.
- Sutures are placed (if re-implantation is planned, bone material is added before suturing).
Pain after dental implantation
The first disadvantage that scares many is the pain after installing the implant. It appears immediately after the anesthesia wears off and lasts for several days. It is caused by the fact that the surgical implantation procedure involves some damage to soft tissue and bone, which must subsequently regenerate, as well as the placement of a metal pin - an artificial root - into the jaw, which must take root.
In the vast majority of cases, the damage heals within three to five days, and the pain after dental implantation, which is dull, aching, and not very pronounced, gradually stops. These unpleasant sensations are comparable to pain after tooth extraction and disappear completely within a week after surgery.
If the pain is severe, has a cutting, pressing or jerking nature, is poorly eliminated by analgesics and does not go away within 3-5 (maximum 7) days after surgery - this may be a sign of the onset of a pathological process and almost always (with very rare exceptions) indicates about mistakes made during implantation.
Will bone grafting hurt?
Bone grafting is a stage of prosthetics that is necessary in case of severe atrophy of bone tissue. The fact is that for proper installation of the implant, the thickness of the hard tissue must be at least 10 mm, and if it is deficient, it becomes necessary to artificially increase it.
This operation is performed using special membranes (collagen self-resorbing and metal removable), and simultaneous implantation of a dental implant is possible. The operation time is 1-2 hours.
Since during bone grafting deformation of soft and hard tissues occurs, it will not be possible to do without pain relief. During the procedure, patients may be offered local anesthesia with sedation or general anesthesia (in cases where a large area of bone tissue will be subjected to plastic surgery).
The process of implanting dental implants is quite complex and time-consuming. During the operation, any discomfort is eliminated with the help of powerful anesthetics, but after their effect wears off, the patient may experience severe pain.
In order to reduce pain, after the implantation procedure it is recommended to take painkillers for several days (exclusively in consultation with the attending physician).
Do not ignore preventive visits to the dentist.
It is enough to visit a specialist 1 – 2 times a year, which will allow you to promptly identify any dental problem at an early stage of development. This means that its elimination will be quick, easy and without complications.
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Causes of pain after implantation
The most common reason for the development of pathology is the penetration of infection into the wound during or after surgery - for example, when using insufficiently sterile instruments or materials, the penetration of pathogenic bacteria through the edges of a loosely sutured wound, or when the sutures come apart. In some cases, with insufficiently qualified implantation, damage to the nerve structures of neighboring tissues occurs, which causes intense aching pain, which is practically uncontrollable by analgesics.
Another possible cause is the formation of a blood clot between the implant and the gum tissue, resulting from a damaged blood vessel or a bleeding disorder in the patient. Normally, after surgery, the patient experiences a subtle aching pain that goes away within 3 days, as well as slight bleeding, swelling and swelling at the operation site.
All this is a consequence of surgery and the reaction of the body’s immune system to it and goes away in 3-5 days. If the pain is severe, acute, there is severe swelling of the gums, fluid is released from under the installed structure, and all this continues for more than 5 days - this is a signal that you need to seek help from a doctor.
Dental implant removal cost
The cost of removing a titanium rod is equivalent to removing a complex tooth. However, a number of factors are taken into account that can increase the final amount. This is bone grafting, plastic surgery of soft gum tissue. Additional procedures are paid separately.
If the implantation was carried out in a clinic and the removal is performed in the same clinic, the procedure is free under warranty . If the patient came from another clinic, he needs to pay for the service. The price will depend on the clinical picture.
How to reduce pain after implantation?
It is necessary to understand that after surgery the body needs time and energy to recover, so it is important to carefully listen to the doctor’s recommendations and strictly follow them - refuse solid food during recovery, chew on the other side of the jaw, do not drink alcohol or smoke, do not go to the sauna and a sauna in the first month after implantation.
You must brush your teeth carefully, using a soft-bristled brush, try not to injure the tissues of the oral cavity, avoid physical impacts (impacts, shocks), observe good hygiene, promptly use medications (including antibacterials) prescribed by your doctor, and do not take other medications. without consulting a doctor.
To reduce pain, you can use cold lotions (with ice) in the first hours after implantation. They are used no longer than 20-30 minutes to avoid tissue hypothermia.
Regularly (especially after eating) rinse your mouth with water and antiseptic solutions (for example, chlorhexidine-based).
Healing gels (such as Metrogyl Denta) or cotton swabs moistened with an antiseptic solution (chlorhexidine) can be applied to the area of the gums where the sutures are located.
You can use analgesics (ketanov, paracetamol, ibuprofen, nimesil), observing dosages and intervals between doses. Their effectiveness is enhanced by drinking plenty of fluids.
Among folk remedies, it is allowed to use a decoction of chamomile, eucalyptus, calendula, plantain, as well as a pulp of fresh aloe leaf. You can rinse your mouth with decoctions (or tincture diluted in water) or moisten cotton swabs and apply to the sore spot.
Attention! Any means are used only as prescribed by a doctor or in agreement with him! Carefully follow the requirements and recommendations of the implantologist and do not self-medicate. And if the pain is too severe, consult a doctor.
How long does it take for an implant to take root?
Osseointegration is influenced by the type of implantation system (type, shape, coating, type of thread, connection to the abutment), and the method of its installation. The doctor chooses the type of implants and implantation method according to the clinical picture. One- and two-stage technologies are used:
- Classical implantation (two-stage protocol) – two-component, root-shaped models are used. The root part of the implant is installed in the jaw, closed with a plug and sutured. After osseointegration of the titanium structure with the bone, the abutment and crown are fixed. Engraftment lasts 2-4 months (how the body reacts).
- One-stage methods with immediate loading - the prosthesis is attached to the implants after implantation (within 72 hours). Instant loading with the prosthesis stimulates bone formation around the implant, reducing the time of osseointegration. In the protocol, one-component models are more often used, in which the root-shaped part and the abutment form a single whole.
- Single-stage implantation - a titanium root is installed in the tooth socket immediately after its removal. The blood clot triggers the synthesis of osteoblasts, which accelerates engraftment. But this method is possible if there is sufficient volume and quality of the jaw bone, and the absence of even the slightest signs of inflammation. The implant is loaded with a prosthesis after complete engraftment.
With single-stage implantation, it is possible to install a temporary crown immediately after implantation
. But in this case, the structure is removed from the chewing process (the crown is made in height below the general row of teeth).
Complications during dental implantation
Implantation is a well-developed procedure over decades, studied in every detail, studied not only in the short-term consequences, but also in the long term. Therefore, with proper treatment planning and compliance with the entire dental implantation protocol, complications occur extremely rarely.
In most cases of complications or material rejection, the cause is violations of the surgical technology or a doctor’s error associated with a lack of experience, leading to the wrong choice of tools and equipment, violation of the rules of compliance with aseptic and antiseptic requirements, errors in preparatory procedures, implantation with insufficient bone tissue, injuries during surgery.
On the other hand, an error or negligence may be made by the patient, and complications may arise for this reason. For example, violation of restrictions on food intake (excessively hard or traumatic), alcohol consumption, physical exposure, failure to comply with hygiene or the requirements of antibacterial therapy, taking medications that reduce the effectiveness of treatment, etc.
Some complications may occur immediately after surgery, while others may occur after some time. Postoperative complications may include severe bleeding, sinusitis, or damage to the facial nerves.
If the patient has hypertension or cardiac pathology associated with rhythm disturbances (tachycardia), heavy bleeding may develop. Damage to the maxillary sinus due to unsuccessful implantation in the upper jaw can cause an inflammatory disease - sinusitis.
Due to direct damage, or pressure from the hematoma on nearby nerves, a disturbance in the transmission of nerve impulses may develop, a sign of which may be pain or persistent numbness of part of the jaw. More long-term consequences of implantation are peri-implantitis and rejection of the installed structure.
Peri-implantitis is an inflammation of the tissue around the implant, usually caused by an infection that entered the wound either with unsterile instruments, the material itself, particles of saliva during the operation, or later, through poorly placed or broken sutures. Other reasons may be the patient's failure to maintain proper hygiene or food intake after implantation, a violation of the treatment regimen, or injury.
With the development of inflammatory processes around the artificial root, new bone tissue and soft tissue around the implant cannot form (or are destroyed). The process is accompanied by pain, swelling, unpleasant putrid odor from the mouth, discharge of pus, as well as mobility of the installed implant, and even an increase in body temperature. This condition leads to the loss of an artificial structure - a tooth or denture.
This can happen a year after implantation. And if such signs appear, you should immediately consult a doctor. Treatment in these cases is always individual - it completely depends on the cause of the complications and the clinical picture. In some cases, it is necessary to remove the implant and install a new one in its place, in others, it is necessary to use other methods of prosthetics.
As already mentioned, the risk of such complications is extremely small - at the level of 2-3%. It can be minimized by choosing a qualified, experienced doctor who does not make mistakes, as well as by strict adherence to all his recommendations by the patient.
What is implant failure?
Dental implantation is a traumatic and complex procedure that requires a long rehabilitation period (from 3 to 6 months). This period does not always proceed smoothly; soft tissue swelling, pain, bleeding and other unpleasant symptoms may occur. If the listed symptoms do not stop, this may be a sign of implant rejection. Failure to engraft artificial teeth implanted into bone tissue can occur at different stages of implantation:
- from its beginning to the moment of prosthetics, when the operation is performed incorrectly;
- during the first two years after installation, which is often caused by a high load on the implant or non-compliance with the rules of oral hygiene;
- after two years of using a denture, when the patient does not take good care of the oral cavity.
The percentage of probability of implantation of artificial teeth largely depends on the quality of the chosen prosthesis, the individual characteristics of the patient, and the experience and professionalism of the doctor. Rejection is accompanied by severe unpleasant symptoms.
Contraindications to dental implantation
Unfortunately, it is not always possible to install implants. Contraindications to dental implantation include relative and absolute.
Absolute conditions include the presence of serious chronic diseases:
- diabetes mellitus,
- severe liver and kidney diseases,
- oncology,
- tuberculosis (in open form),
- immune diseases,
- cardiovascular,
- nervous diseases.
In addition, contraindications include childhood, allergic reactions to anesthetics, diseases that impair blood clotting, and bruxism (teeth grinding).
Relative (or temporary) contraindications include:
- pregnancy and breastfeeding,
- caries, inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity,
- malocclusion,
- smoking, alcoholism and drug addiction,
- infectious diseases,
- taking immunosuppressants.
At the same time, it should be noted that many diseases in remission allow implantation to be carried out by choosing the right technology and medications.
Removable dentures: the fastest and cheapest way to replace teeth
Removable dentures are products with a soft or hard base that imitates the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, and artificial teeth. They can be partial or complete, that is, replace a segment of the dentition or the entire jaw. A partial removable denture has special hooks - metal made of clasp wire (clasp-based denture) or plastic, which cling to the teeth, and a complete removable denture is fixed in the oral cavity due to the valve zone.
It is believed that removable dentures are now hopelessly outdated, but they have their advantages, thanks to which this solution is still in demand.
A)
Perhaps their most important advantage is the price. The cost of a removable denture depends on the material and the number of teeth being restored, however, even the most expensive removable denture costs several times less than a similar design on implants.
b)
Typically, such prostheses are manufactured within 2 weeks and do not require surgical intervention, unlike implantation. It is no secret that most patients try to avoid any surgical interventions and often choose removable dentures for this very reason.
c)
If 40-50 years ago removable dentures did not look very natural, then modern solutions (silicone removable dentures, orthopedic structures using composite teeth and individual options for coloring the base of a removable denture) can satisfy even the most demanding patient.
Pros of dental implantation
As we have already said, implantation has not only disadvantages, but also very significant advantages. In many cases, they outweigh the disadvantages of dental implants; in addition, there are situations when implantation is the only way out - for example, when a denture causes a gag reflex, or in the case of the loss of all teeth, when there is no other support for the orthopedic structure.
Aesthetics
This is the first most important advantage: artificial teeth on implants cannot be distinguished from natural ones by their appearance, while dentures are often noticeable to a careful eye.
Naturalness of sensations
After implantation, artificial teeth are no different from your own - you don’t even need to get used to them, because... they completely reproduce the shape and function of natural teeth. It will take much longer to get used to dentures, and some people cannot get used to them completely.
Natural gum contour
The gum former restores its original shape and subsequently the gum contour completely coincides with the natural one, in contrast to prostheses, which constantly act on the gum, changing its shape.
Stopping bone atrophy
When a tooth is lost, the chewing load that it exerted on the jaw bone disappears, and this entails atrophy (resorption) of the bone tissue, which sooner or later will affect the neighboring teeth, leading to their displacement and loosening. The implant transfers normal load to the bone, just like a regular tooth, so atrophy does not occur and the neighboring teeth are not in danger.
Hassle-free power supply
Dietary restrictions are set only for the period immediately after implantation - until the artificial root takes root completely. After this, the implants are no different in their functions from natural ones, so they can chew any food, even hard ones. The implants will not suffer from this and will not fall out like dentures.
Preservation of adjacent teeth
A typical case of prosthetics is the grinding of adjacent teeth on which the prosthesis rests. This leads to their gradual wear and subsequent loss. The implant does not require treatment of adjacent teeth and allows you to save them completely.
Durability
All leading manufacturers provide a lifetime warranty on their implants. This means they will last for many years. Only the crown will need to be replaced approximately once every 10 years as it wears out. The implant itself will last for the rest of your life. And if something happens to it, the manufacturer provides a free replacement.
Full functionality
It is not always possible to fit dentures well so that they do not spoil diction or interfere with chewing food. There is no such problem with implants. They fully reproduce aesthetics, diction, and chewing function without any restrictions. And in case of complete loss of teeth, a denture on implants is the only alternative to constantly falling out false jaws.
Prevention
By preventing bone tissue atrophy and preventing the displacement and loosening of neighboring teeth, implants prevent the development of damage to their roots - periodontal disease.
We looked at the pros and cons of dental implants in general and, as we see, in some cases there is simply no alternative to installing implants. At the same time, the most important thing for the patient is not to choose certain models or manufacturers, but to choose a good doctor. Because implants from all leading manufacturers provide the same highest level of quality, but doctors have different abilities and experience.
At the Dental Master clinic you will find an experienced team of doctors with extensive knowledge and qualifications to carry out any type of implantation. An implantologist will select the most suitable material for your case, plan all stages of treatment, carry out the necessary diagnostics and install implants, with which you will not have any problems.
Indications for implant removal
- Rejection of the structure mainly develops within six months after implantation.
- Peri-implantitis or perimucositis - the first is accompanied by a loss of jaw bone against the background of inflammation of the soft tissues, the second occurs without loss of tissue volume.
- Excessive load on the implant - occurs due to violation of the installation protocol.
- Incorrect position or defective implant is extremely rare.
- End of service life - for models with limited serviceability.
In our clinic, implant installation is carried out strictly in accordance with surgical protocols, using the most reliable systems in the world, Nobel Biocare (USA), with a lifetime warranty from the manufacturer and almost zero risk of rejection. If an unpleasant situation does arise, we guarantee free dismantling of the structure.
Cost of laser implantation
The high price of laser implantation is perhaps the only drawback of this technique. The cost is indeed much higher than traditional surgery. This is explained by the fact that the technique is not yet widespread enough in clinics; to carry it out, doctors need to undergo training and advanced training, and dentistry needs to purchase new expensive equipment.
We have described all the advantages and features of laser implantation, but the right to decide which technique to prefer remains with the patient. Traditional implantation is a proven technique, and its price is much lower. The main thing is to find a professional doctor and follow all postoperative recommendations.
