Solid-cast bridges - clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing, installation

Prosthetics with solid-cast bridges are now being used more and more often due to the possibility of eliminating a large number of defects using this method. To understand what this restoration option is, let’s consider how the structure is manufactured in a clinical laboratory setting, and what advantages and disadvantages it has.

What are solid bridges?

Manufacturing of a combined solid-cast bridge prosthesis

A bridge is a structure with supporting elements and several artificial crowns that replace missing teeth. The concept of “solid cast” implies that the structure is cast simultaneously.

The manufacture of a one-piece bridge prosthesis eliminates the adhesion of various elements to each other. The structure is made from casting various alloys, and most often it is gold, silver, palladium, chromium, cobalt.

Simultaneous casting of the prosthesis makes it possible to improve its quality in terms of strength and performance of basic functions. They are now valued in dentistry due to their improved manufacturing techniques and relatively low cost, which allows this restoration option to be considered by a large number of patients.

What they look like

A solid cast bridge resembles a bridge. The design consists of several connected crowns, which allows you to replace a defect on one side of the jaw. Two crowns from the prosthesis are supporting; they are fixed to healthy teeth. Externally, the metal frame has a specific color, which affects aesthetics, which is why this restoration option is being considered for replacing the chewing group of teeth.

Important! The main difference between a solid-cast bridge structure is that it is a single whole without joints or soldered elements.

Such products can be improved by combining different manufacturing options, spraying, and coating with a polymer overlay. This method of restoration is considered for the loss of chewing teeth.

This is what a solid-cast bridge prosthesis of chewing teeth looks like.

Bridges can be placed on the front teeth, but their appearance does not even closely match the natural tissues of the tooth, so more aesthetic options are selected to restore the “smile zone.” If the choice was made on a solid-cast bridge structure, then it is possible to cover it with a composite, which will make the appearance more natural.

Materials used

For the manufacture of solid-cast prostheses, gold (both in pure form and sputtering) and stainless metals, or rather their alloys, are used.
The materials used can be combined, and such a prosthesis will be classified as combined or with veneer. The following materials are used as the base material for the manufacture of a solid-cast bridge:

gold;
silver and palladium;
cobalt and chromium.

Structures made of chromium and cobalt can be improved by manufacturing in their natural form, gold plating, or ceramic coating to resemble natural hard tissues of teeth.

General overview

Bridges, or “bridges,” belong to the category of fixed prostheses designed to replace missing elements of the dentition. The design of the soldered prosthesis consists of a cast intermediate part, which serves as the basis for fixing metal crowns made by stamping. Soldered together, the elements form a durable system fixed to the supporting units.

For the manufacture of stamped crowns, template blanks made of anti-corrosion steel or gold are used. In situations where the dentist’s task is to eliminate excessive mobility of adjacent teeth, a soldered prosthesis is used. If the jaw row is characterized by the presence of edentulous areas, a metal intermediate part is used to replace them.

Types

The following types of structures are distinguished:

Coated with gold prostheses.

Sprayed bridge

Without spraying - they look like polished metal.

Solid cast bridge without spraying

With lining - has a composite or plastic lining on the front surface. There is a drawback - the risk of cracks and chips.

Solid cast bridge with veneer

Combined - the design can be solid in the area of the chewing crowns and ceramic in the smile area to improve aesthetics.

Combined dentures

Preparation for prosthetics

Preparation for the installation of an orthopedic structure can be therapeutic, surgical, orthopedic and orthodontic. Types of preliminary sanitation can be combined, depending on the condition of the oral cavity and the type of defect.

How do you prepare for prosthetics at the dentist:

Assessment of oral health.
Carrying out professional cleaning to remove hard dental deposits.
Carrying out anti-inflammatory therapy if necessary.
Removal of carious cavities, treatment of pulpitis, periodontitis and other existing pathologies of teeth and mucous membranes.
Depulpation of teeth (according to indications).

The surgical type of preparation includes the following activities:

Removal of teeth that cannot be treated. Indications include chronic periodontitis, cysts, and pathological mobility of crowns.
Removal of soft tissues due to their hypertrophy (hypertrophic gingivitis).
Complex treatment of dentofacial pathologies.

Orthodontic preparation includes returning the normal bite of healthy teeth through the use of braces, aligners, and plates. Treatment is necessary to correct the position of individual abutment crowns and to create space in the oral cavity for fixation of the bridge structure.

The orthopedic preparation stage includes procedures such as:

Making corrective aligners to move the advanced crown to the opposite side where the tooth is missing. In this way, the orthopedist creates a place to install the structure.
Making functional mouthguards to relax the masticatory muscles. Such an event is indicated for hypertonicity in order to prevent breakage of the bridge after installation.

How much does a dental bridge cost?

Moscow prices for bridges consist of the cost of the casts required for the manufacture of the structure, the prosthesis itself, its fitting and installation. The cost of the dental bridge itself depends, first of all, on the material used. Thus, the most budget option is plastic, but plastic structures are used only as temporary prostheses, the most expensive are all-ceramic bridges with a zirconium dioxide frame, metal-ceramics are inferior to them in cost, but practically not inferior in quality. Also, how much a dental bridge costs is influenced by the price category of the dental clinic where a dental bridge can be made in Moscow. Thus, installing the most budget bridge in economy class dentistry will cost an average of 3,000 rubles, and in a VIP clinic prices will start from 20,000 rubles for a structure consisting of two supporting crowns and one artificial tooth between them. You can find out how much it costs to install a dental bridge by reading the price list on or by calling our clinic directly. The administrator will also tell you what is included in the price and which procedures are paid separately.

Clinical and laboratory stages of manufacturing a bridge prosthesis

Stages and their features (K - clinical, L - laboratory):

K - the dentist makes a diagnosis, selects the type of construction together with the patient, prepares the abutment crowns, after which impressions are taken.
L - creation of a plaster model, selection of the color of the prosthesis, creation of a temporary structure.
K - fitting the temporary product, checking occlusion.
L - casting of a permanent bridge structure.
K - fitting of the prosthesis.
L - cladding or spraying.
K - installation of the structure in the oral cavity, assessing the quality of its fit, fixation with special cement.

The prosthetic procedure will require 2 visits to the dentist’s office:

First. The defect is assessed, the doctor considers the optimal restoration options, and clarifies with the patient which restoration method is preferable. On the first visit, the oral cavity is sanitized and the supporting elements are ground. The dentist takes impressions, sends them to the laboratory and places temporary aligners.
Second. The dentist places a ready-made solid bridge, finds out how well it fits the patient, and whether there are any defects. When everything is in order, the structure is fixed with composite cement.

Important! When there are inflammatory pathologies of the mucous membrane or other relative contraindications, several visits to a specialist will be required until the problem is eliminated.

If the quality of the finished product does not match, it will require correction. In this case, prosthetics will also be extended over more than two visits.

Bridge stamped and soldered

This method is considered the oldest and has been used since Soviet times. Made from a thin-walled sleeve shell. This occurs during the process of compressing a plaster copy of the tooth. At the joints they are soldered, which ensures a continuous connecting structure.

Disadvantages can be considered:

the impossibility of creating an exact shape due to a loose fit,
using this type of prosthetics, there is a high probability that caries will form in the future and this will lead to tooth loss,
the walls turn out to be thin and, as a result, quickly wear off, which leads to destruction and breakage.
Patients experience bleeding from the gums and an unpleasant metallic taste due to metal oxidation.

Installation process

The entire installation process of a solid cast structure includes the following activities:

Sanitation of the oral cavity.
Turning of abutment crowns using anesthesia. About 1.5 mm of tissue is removed. The crown is given a special shape for a secure fit of the prosthesis.
Taking an impression.
Trying on a temporary prosthesis with its subsequent fixation.
Trying on a permanent structure and checking the quality of fit.
Fixation of the permanent structure with cement.

Advantages and disadvantages

pros	Minuses
Homogeneous design, lack of solder, which increases the strength of the product. Unlike other prostheses, solid ones almost never break, because there are no weak joints	Low aesthetics
High strength and durability	The cost is higher than a cast prosthesis
Tight fit to the tooth, which prevents food particles from getting under the crown, and this prevents secondary caries and destruction of enamel under the prosthesis, and also reduces the likelihood of damage to the structure	Great thermal conductivity
High functional efficiency due to precise modeling of support elements and intermediate parts	Risk of discomfort when eating hot food
No darkening factor in the structure in the soldering area	Cannot be determined in case of metal allergy
Wax can be used to thicken the walls of an orthopedic product.	The need to grind healthy crowns, which over time leads to their destruction due to malnutrition
The one-piece design is better tolerated by patients, the risk of prosthetic stomatitis is reduced	High load on abutment teeth can cause them to become loose

How to put a bridge on teeth -

Installing a bridge on teeth is carried out as follows... The teeth located on the sides of the missing one will act as support for the bridge. If only 1 tooth is missing, crowns are usually taken on one tooth on each side of the missing one. If 2 teeth are missing in a row, then a total of at least 3 teeth are taken under the bridge supports (one on one side of the dentition defect, and two on the other).

How to put a bridge on teeth: diagram and photo

Installing a bridge requires grinding down the supporting teeth for crowns, and here it must be taken into account that for different types of artificial crowns the thickness of the preparation will differ. For metal-ceramics, teeth are ground from the chewing surface by 2.0-2.5 mm, from the lateral surfaces by 1.5 mm (Fig. 4). For crowns made of metal-free ceramics - only 1.5 and 1.0 mm, respectively (Fig. 5). Moreover, the more tooth tissue is preserved under the artificial crown, the longer its service life will be.

Schemes for preparing teeth for crowns –

Moreover, please note that in the gingival zone, the tooth crown is ground in such a way that a so-called “ledge” (i.e., a step, Fig. 6) is formed along the entire perimeter of the tooth stump. The service life of the crown will largely depend on the quality of the ledge formation, because poor/inaccurate fit of the crown to the neck of the tooth in the area of the ledge - leads to the gradual entry of bacteria under the crown and the beginning of decay of the tooth tissue. And this happens very often.

Preparation of supporting teeth for prosthetics –

In many cases, teeth under artificial crowns are subject to depulpation, i.e. the nerve will need to be removed. This is due to the fact that deep in the tooth there is a neurovascular bundle (pulp), and the more tissue is ground off when preparing a tooth for a crown, the higher the risk of nerve injury. Accordingly, because Under metal-ceramics, more tooth tissue is ground off - here it is possible to leave mainly only large molars alive (they have a greater thickness of hard tissue around the nerve).

But for ceramic crowns, almost 2 times less tooth tissue is ground off, and in this case, almost all the teeth can be left alive. Keeping your teeth alive is very important because... after removal of the neurovascular bundle, the tooth stops receiving moisture and nutrition from the inside, which leads to an increase in the fragility of the hard tissues of the tooth and reduces its service life. The cost of removing nerves and filling root canals will depend on the number of root canals in the supporting teeth, and on average will be (for 1 tooth) –

tooth with 1 root canal – from 2500 rubles,
tooth with 2 channels – from 3800 rubles,
tooth with 3 channels – from 5,000 rubles.

Dental bridge: before and after photos

Important: if the adjacent teeth from the missing one do not have fillings and are alive, then prosthetics with a bridge and grinding down the adjacent teeth for crowns is actually a very bad idea. The price of a dental bridge of 3 units made of ceramics or good metal-ceramics (taking into account the cost of preparing teeth for prosthetics) is almost always higher - when compared with the cost of installing 1 economy-class implant.

A dental bridge should be done only if the adjacent teeth from the missing one have large fillings (taking up more than 1/2 of the tooth crown in volume), and also if the nerves have been removed from them. Remember that the service life of the best crowns will be, at best, no more than 10-15 years, and what will happen to the supporting teeth after this time, and whether they can be re-used with prosthetics is still a big question. Your own living teeth (as opposed to artificial crowns) can last you much longer.

Contraindications

One-piece denture in the mouth

There are relative and absolute restrictions that do not allow the installation of a solid-cast bridge. The first include conditions that this method of recovery completely excludes. Relative contraindications are considered individually.

A solid-cast bridge is not used in the following conditions:

defects when more than 1 molar, 2 premolars and 4 incisors are missing;
infectious and inflammatory pathologies of the jaw bones, including osteomyelitis and osteoporosis;
psychological illnesses that do not allow the patient to take care of himself, as well as epilepsy;
oncological diseases;
pathologies accompanied by blood clotting disorders;
allergy to the materials used or anesthetic substance.

Relative restrictions to this recovery option will be:

teeth grinding at night or bruxism;
acute period of inflammatory pathologies of the oral mucosa;
poor oral hygiene;
pathological abrasion of enamel;
severe pathologies of periodontal tissues with frequent relapses;
abnormal dental bite that cannot be corrected.

Advantages of cast dentures

Cast dentures can be single or bridge-like, covering several teeth. Depending on which part of the dentition needs to be replaced, there are crowns used to completely replace a tooth, structures that restore a damaged tooth in the presence of a stump, crowns that restore the height of a tooth, and half-crowns necessary to support dentures in the mouth. In order to determine what type of prosthetic dental structure is needed in a particular case, a detailed consultation with a dentist is required.

Metal cast dentures have been used in dentistry for many decades; over the years they have been repeatedly improved, maintaining and increasing their positive qualities. Using this technique, permanent prosthetic structures for teeth are made.

Among the main advantages of dentures made by casting are the following:

The method of manufacturing such dental prostheses ensures their tight fit without damaging the oral mucosa. This not only increases the aesthetics and comfort when using dentures, but also reduces the likelihood of oral diseases.
Thanks to the materials and manufacturing methods used, prosthetic structures made by casting are characterized by a long service life. Dentures require replacement or adjustment no more than once every 10 years.
The materials from which such dentures are made prevent the accumulation of pathogenic microbes in the mouth.
Safety for teeth is ensured by the strength of the materials from which such dentures are made. They allow you to avoid grinding and deformation of teeth, which is important when installing cast bridges, which cover healthy teeth on both sides of the missing teeth to be replaced.
The affordable cost of such dental prostheses is an important factor for many clients of dental clinics, since among them there are often pensioners and other socially vulnerable segments of the population.
Precision in the manufacture of dentures is ensured by casting technology. Due to the fact that the cast dental prosthesis is made in one piece and does not require soldering of small parts, it fits tightly in the mouth and occupies the space in the mouth that was intended for natural teeth.
Comfort when wearing and the patient’s quick adaptation to a new denture is one of the main advantages from the point of view of those who will wear it.

These distinctive features of cast oral dentures make them popular and widely used in prosthetic dentistry.

Service life and care

With proper care, a solid-cast bridge can last for 15 years without breaking. The service life of such a product is practically unlimited, but it is important to visit a doctor regularly in order to identify problems in time and solve them at the initial stage.

What you need to do to properly care for a solid bridge:

regularly clean your mouth in compliance with standard hygiene rules;
use a toothbrush, dental floss and a special brush daily to clean the spaces between the gum and the structure;
use an oral irrigator several times a week;
visit the dentist every few months for professional oral hygiene and assessment of the condition of the orthopedic structure;
rinse and clean the mouth after each meal, for which it is enough to use a deodorizing mouthwash or a solution prepared at home from herbs, which will prevent inflammatory diseases.

Important! Installation of a one-piece denture makes it impossible to carry out standard professional oral hygiene. The dentist uses special cleaning products and brushes to clean your teeth. It is also unacceptable to use the irrigator in high pressure mode, directing the stream at the prosthesis.

Solid bridge

The product is made using special casting. The advantage is that the crown itself fits firmly to the ground tooth, so the places in contact with the gum and possible gaps are not clogged with food debris.

This type completely eliminates destruction. There are also disadvantages to this design. This is primarily a great sensitivity to hot. A person experiences discomfort when eating hot food.

Price

The approximate cost of a solid-cast bridge varies from 7,000 rubles. The price differs depending on the length of the defect and the metal alloys used.
The cost will be higher if the structure is additionally coated with ceramics to improve the appearance. Also, the price differs for combined dentures and products with veneering.

To choose a prosthetic method, consult an orthopedic dentist. The doctor will conduct the necessary research, select which prosthesis is best suited in a particular situation, and tell you about all the intricacies of subsequent prosthetics.

Types of metal-plastic prostheses

For the convenience of patients, two types of metal-plastic prostheses are used:

Individual - created by analogy with other orthopedic products. The doctor takes impressions of the teeth, sends the data to dental technicians, and they first make a metal base and then cover it with a plastic veneer to recreate the shape and color of natural enamel. With such a bridge you can walk without problems for up to 3 years.
Universal – such products are in the orthopedist’s arsenal, and you can literally immediately get it for an urgent solution to the problem. For example, after tooth extraction. In some cases, such a prosthesis can be worn even on unground teeth.