Dental prosthetics in the absence of upper teeth

• what types of dentures are there?
• pros and cons of different removable dentures,
• New generation removable dentures without palate – price 2021.

Removable dentures mean those dentures that the patient can take off and put on himself. As a rule, they are made only when there are a large number of missing teeth - in cases where there is no possibility of permanent prosthetics with bridges or through dental implants.

In addition to traditional types of removable dentures, in recent years conditionally removable dentures on implants, as well as new generation removable dentures without a palate, have been gaining popularity. Below you can learn about the advantages and disadvantages of both traditional and modern types of dentures.

How a partial denture is attached to the jaw

There are 3 options for fastening removable structures: hooks (clasps), locks (attachments), telescopic crowns.
We propose to consider each of the options in more detail. Clasps. They are hooks made of metal or plastic that grip healthy teeth and fix the orthopedic structure in the mouth. The disadvantage of such fastening is poor fixation and unsatisfactory aesthetics. Despite the fact that the hooks are covered by the lip, they are visible to others when smiling and talking.

Attachments. More preferable from an aesthetic point of view. The special lock consists of 2 parts. One element is built into the base of the prosthesis, and the other is attached to the crown that covers your own tooth. This fastening option has a more reliable fixation and gives the product stability. In addition, the attachments distribute the chewing load more evenly, which slows down bone atrophy by almost 2 times.

Telescopic crowns. Presented by a system consisting of 2 crowns. The inner one follows the contours of the ground tooth. The outer one is connected to the base and restores the shape of the tooth. This allows the prosthesis to be securely fixed and prevents it from moving. The possibility of installing a telescopic structure in each specific case is determined by the doctor, since grinding of a large layer of hard tissue of the supporting tooth is required.

Advantages

Partial dentures are a quick and affordable way to restore teeth without surgery.

• Cost They are much cheaper than implantation and do not require expensive surgical procedures or osteoplastic surgery.
• Speed: Production takes 1-2 weeks. For implantation with preparation, bone grafting and engraftment of implants - at least 4 months.
• Convenient When properly made from high-quality materials, taking into account the bite after adaptation, it feels like your own teeth in the mouth.
• Aesthetics Improved materials and modern orthopedic protocols make it possible to create prosthetics that are indistinguishable from natural teeth.

When using removable prosthetics, it is extremely important that the prosthesis is made not “by eye,” but taking into account the characteristics of the patient’s dentofacial apparatus. Otherwise, it is impossible to obtain a comfortable denture with the correct distribution of chewing load. This is fraught with constant inconvenience, gum injuries, rapid destruction of supporting teeth, the formation of a pathological bite, and dysfunction of the jaw joint.

Chashchin Kirill Valerievich

Orthopedic dentist, 14 years of experience

Digital prosthetics. Aesthetic restorations with veneers with a lifetime guarantee. Total orthopedic rehabilitation in one day

More about the doctor

Indications and contraindications for use

Partial removable dentures are used in cases where the jaw is missing only a few teeth, but there are own healthy teeth that will be used as supporting teeth. Suitable for restoring both chewing and front teeth. The use of removable partial dentures is recommended in the following cases:

• missing several teeth;
• end defects of the jaw;
• atrophied bone tissue;
• the need for temporary prosthetics;
• contraindications to the installation of implants.

There are practically no contraindications to this type of prosthetics, and they are all temporary. These include viral diseases, carious lesions of teeth and periodontal tissue diseases.

What is chewing efficiency

As you know, the oral cavity is also the beginning of the digestive tract. After preliminary thorough grinding, food enters the stomach through the esophagus. Therefore, a very important factor in healthy digestion is the concept of chewing efficiency - this is the work that is actually performed by the chewing apparatus, of which the teeth are an integral part. A loss of 40% of chewing efficiency is the limit that leads to digestive disorders and is an absolute indication for prosthetics.

Stages of manufacturing a removable partial denture

Depending on the type of prosthesis, the course of orthopedic treatment may differ slightly, but, in general, prosthetics can be divided into several main stages:

Preparation. After examination and diagnosis, the orthopedic doctor draws up a treatment plan and helps with choosing the optimal design option suitable for your particular case. At this stage, the oral cavity is sanitized. If necessary, teeth that cannot be saved are removed.

Taking impressions. Using impression material and a custom tray, the specialist takes impressions of the teeth on both jaws.

Manufacturing of the structure. In the dental laboratory, wax models are cast from the impressions, from which the technician makes the dentures.

Fitting and fixation. At the last visit, the doctor tries on the structure and fixes it in the oral cavity. If necessary, the prosthesis is adjusted and polished according to the bite.

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Lifespan of removable partial dentures

Practice shows that the service life of removable plate structures is on average 3-5 years, after which the structure has to be changed. Bugel products have a longer lifespan - up to 5-7 years.

In general, the duration of wearing depends on several factors:

— the quality of the design and the professionalism of the specialist who carried out the installation;

— characteristics of the body and the condition of the oral cavity, the presence of gum diseases and deformation of the dentition;

— accuracy of compliance with doctor’s recommendations and proper home care.

Read also

What are clasp dentures for teeth and which ones are better?

Dental restoration using clasp dentures is one of the most popular and budget methods.

Who is an orthopedic dentist?

Orthopedics in dentistry is a branch of medicine that deals with the restoration of teeth using all modern prosthetic techniques.

Rules for wearing and caring for prostheses

The first time after installation, removable dentures can cause discomfort. As a rule, it goes away by the end of the first week. In some cases, especially when using plate structures, addiction can last up to 3 weeks.

To speed up adaptation, there are general rules and recommendations: rinse your mouth with warm water more often, do not overload the denture with solid food for the first 3-4 days.

Carefully monitor hygiene, rinse your mouth after every meal, and beware of excessive chewing loads. For cleaning, you should not use abrasive cleaners; give preference to special solutions and pastes.

Are partial dentures repairable?

During use, individual parts of the prosthesis may break off. Under no circumstances should you attempt to repair it yourself; it is better to contact a specialist. If the situation can be corrected, it will only take a couple of days to fix it.

Every six months to a year, during a scheduled visit to the dentist, it is necessary to reline the plate and clasp structures, since the contour of the gums and the level of bone tissue change over time. The adjustment improves fit and load distribution, resulting in the product not chafing or breaking.

The most frequently asked questions about partial dentures

Is an allergy possible? How long does it take to get used to? Do you need fixing gels when wearing? You can find out the answers to these and other most popular questions in this section of the article.

— Is it possible to have an allergic reaction?

Is it possible. As a rule, an allergy can occur to acrylic when wearing plate dentures. Or on metal if wearing a clasp design. Before installing a prosthesis, a doctor may recommend that particularly sensitive people undergo a special test for sensitivity to materials.

— How long does it take to get used to it?

Sometimes it can take up to 3-4 weeks to get used to it. This usually applies to plate dentures, since they are more noticeable in the oral cavity. Clasp designs do not require so much time.

— Do I need to use fixing gels when wearing partial structures?

Partial structures do not require additional fixation, since they already have fastenings (hooks or clasps).

— Do I need to take off my dentures at night?

It is not at all necessary to remove the structure at night. It is not even recommended to remove the prosthesis for the first 3-4 weeks after installation, since there is an adaptation period. Further, at the discretion of the patient.

— Are there any restrictions when wearing?

Avoid eating excessively hard foods such as nuts or ice. It is also not recommended to eat foods that are too viscous and stick to artificial teeth.

Installation Features

Removable structures have a base that imitates natural gums. Therefore, they look natural, like natural teeth.

In case of complete edentia, the removable denture is attached directly to the gums. The prosthesis fits tightly to the soft tissues, without displacement or loosening.

The prosthesis is fixed using clasps, hooks or implants. The lower part is attached to the roots of the natural teeth, and the upper part is attached inside the base of the structure. If the prosthesis replaces the entire dentition, then fixation occurs only on the gums.

Partial dentures - reviews from specialists and patient opinions

In general, reviews of removable dentures from patients and doctors are positive. If there are contraindications to the installation of fixed structures, removable prosthetics are the only treatment option.

However, experts are confident that if there are no restrictions on implantation, the choice should be opted for prosthetics on implants. This option is the most preferable in terms of longevity, aesthetics, safety and prevention of bone atrophy.

Computer diagnostics - for reliable data

The Center uses a GALILEOS tomograph (The Dental Company SIRONA, Germany)

• Assessment of the condition and size of bone tissue to select the material and height of the prosthesis base
• Study of the position and functions of the temporomandibular joint
• Analysis of the condition of abutment teeth

What is the cost of a partial denture?

First of all, the price varies depending on the type of prosthesis and the number of lost teeth. Many are sure that a high-quality prosthesis cannot be very cheap. So what does its cost consist of?

The material of construction plays a big role in pricing. Modern dental clinics work with proven compounds for the manufacture of structures. This guarantees the quality, aesthetics and durability of the product.

All designs are made individually, based on the characteristics of the jaw structure, patient preferences and doctor’s recommendations.

Professionalism of staff and technical equipment. The experience of an orthopedist and dental technician, as well as high-tech equipment, is very important, so the price tag also adds up in terms of costs.

Where in Voronezh can a partial removable denture be installed?

For a quality result, it is important to choose a dental clinic and attending physician wisely. Making the wrong choice can create a lot of problems and cost you a lot of time and money to fix the mistake. Be sure to pay attention to the specialist’s experience, the availability of modern equipment and reviews of other patients.

You can install partial removable dentures in Voronezh at. We offer production using modern equipment, high-quality materials and competitive prices. Our consummate specialists are always ready to help. We are waiting for you for your first free consultation!